My intention is to add texture support together with materials - you'll be able to load up to 6 image files to use as sides of each voxel. Materials will be assignable to specific colors or color ranges.
Adding textures without materials seems kinda pointless as they would just complicate things and accomplish the same results.
I suppose it wouldn't be hard to generate 8x8 single color pngs and add texture coordinates to the obj exporter but the problem is that it would be a solution to a very specific problem - if you edited the textures assimetrically they'd probably look completely wrong anyways. I'm not sure what'd happen with transparency either (do 3D editors work well png alpha channels?)
I'm not an expert on traditional 3D modeling but there might be a tool that can replace colors by textures automatically. It'd probably be very easy to make a blender script that does this, I'd even do it for you if I had experience with Blender. Maybe you can check their forums, someone might be able to help.